What are the signs of an allergic reaction in a patient?

The signs of an allergic reaction in a patient typically include hives, itching, swelling, and respiratory distress. These symptoms are indicative of the body’s immune response to an allergen, which can cause localized or systemic manifestations. Hives (or urticaria) are raised, itchy welts on the skin that result from the release of histamines, while itching is a common sensation associated with skin reactions. Swelling may occur in various parts of the body, including the face, lips, and throat, potentially leading to serious complications like anaphylaxis. Respiratory distress can manifest as wheezing, difficulty breathing, or throat swelling, indicating a severe allergic reaction that requires immediate medical attention.

The other options list symptoms that do not specifically pertain to allergic reactions. Fatigue, nausea, fever, and rash can result from a variety of other conditions, including infections or illnesses, rather than being specific to allergic responses. Redness, warmth, swelling, and pain often indicate inflammation or infection, not necessarily allergens. Similarly, a headache, dizziness, and sweating might relate to other issues such as dehydration or migraine, rather than an allergic reaction. Thus, the combination of hives, itching, swelling, and respiratory distress accurately reflects the typical manifestations