What does it mean when a patient is "NPO"?

When a patient is referred to as "NPO," it stands for "nil per os," a Latin term meaning "nothing by mouth." This designation indicates that the patient is not permitted to consume any food or liquids, including water. This practice is often required prior to medical procedures, surgeries, or certain medical tests to ensure patient safety and to prevent complications, such as aspiration.

Being NPO allows healthcare providers to manage the patient's conditions effectively, ensuring that the gastrointestinal system is empty and reducing risks during anesthesia or other interventions. Understanding this term is crucial for CNA professionals as it affects patient care and preparation processes.